This text critically responds to Jan Štefan's claim that theology is strictly a function of the church and that non-ecclesiastical inquiry into divinity is merely religious studies. The author argues that these assertions are untenable, as theology is historically and conceptually rooted in philosophy rather than exclusively in ecclesiastical tradition. The essay points out that Pre-Socratic philosophers and Aristotle established theology as a primary philosophical discipline long before the church existed. The author challenges the reduction of non-church theology to religious studies, emphasizing the distinction between mythical narratives and the pursuit of a conceptual understanding of god. Furthermore, the text explores theology as an intellectual construction and a model of God as an intentional object. Ultimately, the article demonstrates that theology is an autonomous discipline founded on philosophical inquiry that transcends institutional boundaries. It emphasizes that theology's identity is defined by its rational and conceptual approach rather than its ecclesiastical affiliation, thereby reclaiming its status as a field independent of both the church and religious science.