This text explores the fundamental philosophical distinction between "real" and "unreal" or "false" events within the framework of ontology and the philosophy of history. The author defines real events as internally integrated entities capable of establishing and maintaining their own unity as subjects of their integrity. In contrast, unreal events lack this internal cohesion and must be unified from the outside by external subjects. A significant part of the discussion focuses on historical events, where the interpretation of a situation by historical actors plays a decisive role. When historical circumstances are misinterpreted, "pseudo-events" are created. Although these pseudo-events are originally mere fabrications or intellectual errors, they acquire a form of "pseudo-reality" through collective human reaction and action. The paper emphasizes that the ability to distinguish between authentic historical processes and artificially constructed pseudo-events is crucial for a correct understanding of history and for responding effectively to emerging challenges. The text highlights the profound interconnectedness between the conceptual understanding of the world and its factual manifestation, warning against the consequences of acting upon distorted interpretations of reality.