This text examines the relationship between science and religion through the dialectical tension between Logos and Myth. The author argues that Myth ceased to be the sole universe of human life when ancient Greek thinkers introduced the world of concepts. While Myth adopted certain methods of Logos and science retains elements of narrativity despite its focus on formulas, conceptual thinking alone cannot serve as the sole criterion for distinguishing between them. A myth that adopts conceptual tools becomes mythology or "mythologism," often manifesting as ideology. Furthermore, the historical "logization" of Christian kerygma by theology often led to a confusion of faith with religiosity. The author identifies "criticality" as the fundamental criterion for distinction. When science weakens or abandons its critical nature, it inevitably lapses into mythologism and becomes a new form of religion. The analysis suggests that the true boundary between scientific and religious thought lies in the capacity for critical distance rather than just the use of abstract conceptual structures.