This text examines the issue of historical analogies, using Gnosticism and its relationship to the modern era as a case study. The author critically evaluates analogy as a heuristic starting point that can be stimulating yet requires rigorous analysis of historical phenomena. The central focus is a review of Petr Pokorný’s work on the origins of the Gnostic myth of the deity „Man“. The study demonstrates that while Gnosticism attempted to preserve intellectual integrity through an illusory escape from history into religious ecstasy and myth, emerging Christianity prevailed due to its conscious grounding in historical reality and its orientation toward the future as an open dimension of being. Gnosticism failed this historical and moral test because its detachment from reality and moral demands proved to be a dead end. The text emphasizes that Pokorný’s research, including his analysis of the Naassene Fragment, significantly contributes to understanding the conflict between the eschatological focus of the Judeo-Christian tradition and Gnostic tendencies toward historical evasion.