This lecture by Ladislav Hejdánek, part of the Logic I series, focuses on defining philosophical logic as distinct from formal logic. The author begins with Hegel's paradox, which characterizes logic as both the most difficult and the simplest of disciplines. Hejdánek rejects superficial summaries and standard definitions, suggesting instead a return to the guidance of language. Through an etymological analysis of the Greek term logos and the verb legein, and drawing on Martin Heidegger’s insights, he interprets legein as the primordial act of gathering, collecting, and unifying disparate elements into a whole. This is compared to the original meanings of the German lesen and the Czech číst. The lecture aims to establish a foundation for a critical evaluation of logic, viewing it not as a mere technical tool but as a fundamental philosophical inquiry into the relationship between language, thought, and being.