This 1963 review by Ladislav Hejdánek examines Karel Kosík’s landmark work, "Dialectics of the Concrete." Hejdánek considers the book one of the most significant post-war Czech philosophical publications, offering an original Marxist exploration of "the thing itself." Kosík focuses on the destruction of the "world of pseudo-concreteness" and fetishized practice, emphasizing the role of human activity and praxis in uncovering authentic reality. While Hejdánek praises Kosík’s humanism and his portrayal of man as an active subject achieving freedom through history, he also offers critical insights. He questions Kosík’s limitation of ontological activity to the social sphere and points out ambiguities in his definition of subjectivity. Furthermore, Hejdánek challenges the direct association of object-oriented thinking solely with capitalism, tracing its roots further back to Greek metaphysics and myth. Ultimately, the review highlights Kosík’s contribution to restoring genuine philosophical discourse and his profound commitment to the humanization of history.