The text analyzes Jan Patočka's reflections on the role of the intelligentsia in modern society, as expressed in his essay "Intelligentsia and Opposition" from the late 1960s. Patočka posits that intellectual workers and students represent a new social force that politicians can no longer afford to ignore. This force is tasked with influencing the public and offering constructive solutions based on "insight" to counter malignant developmental phenomena. The author highlights the internal tension within Patočka's argumentation, which blends neo-Marxist or marxological elements with a philosophical emphasis on intellectual insight. In this framework, intellectuals are seen as guardians of rationality and insight who initiate political changes through public engagement, such as writers' congresses or student protests. This approach defines the intelligentsia not merely as a professional class, but as an active political subject striving to rectify social development. The abstract explores how Patočka justifies the necessity of intellectual intervention in the public sphere as a means of achieving a positive societal direction.